Soft X-ray Imager of the Xtend system on board XRISM

Journal article

H. Noda, K. Mori, H. Tomida, H. Nakajima, Takaaki Tanaka, Hiroshi Murakami, H. Uchida, Hiromasa Suzuki, S. Kobayashi, T. Yoneyama, Kouichi Hagino, K. Nobukawa, H. Uchiyama, M. Nobukawa, Hironori Matsumoto, T. Tsuru, M. Yamauchi, I. Hatsukade, H. Odaka, T. Kohmura, K. Yamaoka, Tessei Yoshida, Y. Kanemaru, J. Hiraga, T. Dotani, M. Ozaki, H. Tsunemi, J. Sato, Toshiyuki Takaki, Yuta Terada, Keitaro Miyazaki, Kohei Kusunoki, Yoshinori Otsuka, Haruhiko Yokosu, Wakana Yonemaru, Kazuhiro Ichikawa, Hanako Nakano, Reo Takemoto, Tsukasa Matsushima, Reika Urase, Jun Kurashima, Kotomi Fuchi, K. Hayakawa, Masahiro Fukuda, Takamitsu Kamei, Yoh Asahina, Shun Inoue, Yuki Amano, Y. Aoki, Yamato Ito, T. Kamatani, Kouta Takayama, Takashi Sako, M. Yoshimoto, Kohei Shima, Mayu Higuchi, Kaito Ninoyu, Daiki Aoki, Shun Tsunomachi, K. Hayashida
Nippon Tenmon Gakkai obun kenkyu hokoku, 2025

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APA Click to copy
Noda, H., Mori, K., Tomida, H., Nakajima, H., Tanaka, T., Murakami, H., … Hayashida, K. (2025). Soft X-ray Imager of the Xtend system on board XRISM. Nippon Tenmon Gakkai Obun Kenkyu Hokoku.

Chicago/Turabian Click to copy
Noda, H., K. Mori, H. Tomida, H. Nakajima, Takaaki Tanaka, Hiroshi Murakami, H. Uchida, et al. “Soft X-Ray Imager of the Xtend System on Board XRISM.” Nippon Tenmon Gakkai obun kenkyu hokoku (2025).

MLA Click to copy
Noda, H., et al. “Soft X-Ray Imager of the Xtend System on Board XRISM.” Nippon Tenmon Gakkai Obun Kenkyu Hokoku, 2025.

BibTeX Click to copy

@article{h2025a,
  title = {Soft X-ray Imager of the Xtend system on board XRISM},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Nippon Tenmon Gakkai obun kenkyu hokoku},
  author = {Noda, H. and Mori, K. and Tomida, H. and Nakajima, H. and Tanaka, Takaaki and Murakami, Hiroshi and Uchida, H. and Suzuki, Hiromasa and Kobayashi, S. and Yoneyama, T. and Hagino, Kouichi and Nobukawa, K. and Uchiyama, H. and Nobukawa, M. and Matsumoto, Hironori and Tsuru, T. and Yamauchi, M. and Hatsukade, I. and Odaka, H. and Kohmura, T. and Yamaoka, K. and Yoshida, Tessei and Kanemaru, Y. and Hiraga, J. and Dotani, T. and Ozaki, M. and Tsunemi, H. and Sato, J. and Takaki, Toshiyuki and Terada, Yuta and Miyazaki, Keitaro and Kusunoki, Kohei and Otsuka, Yoshinori and Yokosu, Haruhiko and Yonemaru, Wakana and Ichikawa, Kazuhiro and Nakano, Hanako and Takemoto, Reo and Matsushima, Tsukasa and Urase, Reika and Kurashima, Jun and Fuchi, Kotomi and Hayakawa, K. and Fukuda, Masahiro and Kamei, Takamitsu and Asahina, Yoh and Inoue, Shun and Amano, Yuki and Aoki, Y. and Ito, Yamato and Kamatani, T. and Takayama, Kouta and Sako, Takashi and Yoshimoto, M. and Shima, Kohei and Higuchi, Mayu and Ninoyu, Kaito and Aoki, Daiki and Tsunomachi, Shun and Hayashida, K.}
}

Abstract

The Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) is the X-ray charge-coupled device (CCD) camera for the soft X-ray imaging telescope Xtend installed on the X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM), which was adopted as a recovery mission for the Hitomi X-ray satellite and was successfully launched on 2023 September 7 (JST). In order to maximize the science output of XRISM, we set the requirements for Xtend and found that the CCD set employed in the Hitomi/SXI or similar, i.e., a $2 \times 2$ array of back-illuminated CCDs with a $200\, \mu$m-thick depletion layer, would be practically best among the available choices, when used in combination with the X-ray mirror assembly. We designed the XRISM/SXI, based on the Hitomi/SXI, to have a wide field of view of $38^{\prime } \times 38^{\prime }$ in the 0.4–13 keV energy range. We incorporated several significant improvements from the Hitomi/SXI into the CCD chip design to enhance the optical-light blocking capability and to increase the cosmic-ray tolerance, reducing the degradation of charge-transfer efficiency in orbit. By the time of the launch of XRISM, the imaging and spectroscopic capabilities of the SXI had been extensively studied in on-ground experiments with the full flight-model configuration or equivalent setups and confirmed to meet the requirements. The optical blocking capability, the cooling and temperature control performance, and the transmissivity and quantum efficiency to incident X-rays of the CCDs were also all confirmed to meet the requirements. Thus, we successfully completed the pre-flight development of the SXI for XRISM.